sâmbătă, 29 august 2015
Nomination Form for the 2016 Kyoto Prize in
Arts and Philosophy
Candidate, Paul GOMA
Romanian writer and and leading opponent of the communist
regime before 1989
Political refugee in France
Residing in Paris
2. Reasons for nomination
His family's refugee; Political prisoner;
Fight for human rights in Romania; Exile in France; Literary and spiritual
contribution
3. Detailed description of
reasons for nomination
Paul Goma would describe his family's refugee
saga in the novels Arta refugii ("The Art of Refuge", a
wordplay on the Romanian words for "refuge" and "taking
flight"), Soldatul câinelui ("Dog's Soldier"), and Gardă
inversă ("Reverse Guard").
In 1956, Goma was arrested on the charge of attempting
to organize a strike at University of Bucharest and he was sentenced to two
years in prison.] He served his sentence, and then
put under house arrest until 1963. He wrote Gherla, a novel based on his experiences in the Gherla
Prison.
In 1977, Paul Goma wrote public letters expressing solidarity with
the Charter 77, another
letter, addressed directly to Ceaușescu,following this, he wrote another letter
(addressed to the 35 countries in the CSCE) in which he called for respect for
human rights in Romania. Ceaușescu made
a speech in which he attacked the "traitors of the country",
referring to the two letters Goma wrote. Following his
arrest, an
international appeal for his release was launched, among the signatories being Eugène Ionesco, Jean-Paul Sartre, Arthur Miller and Edward Albee. On November
20, 1977, Paul Goma and his family left Romania and went into exile in
In France, in 1979, Paul Goma was active in the creation of the Free Workers' Syndicate. The Securitate planned to assassinate Goma.
Although Goma's numerous works (both fiction and non-fiction) were translated
worldwide, his books, except the first one, were published in Romania only
after the 1989 Revolution. He now lives in Paris as a
stateless political refugee, his Romanian citizenship having been revoked after
1978 by the communist government. He turned down an offer of citizenship from
the French Republic, extended simultaneously to him and
to the Czech writer Milan Kundera.
Goma's literary debut came in 1966. In 1968 he
published his first volume of stories, Camera de alături("The Room
Next Door"). After Ostinato and its West German publication in 1971
came Uşa ("Die Tür" or "The Door") in 1972, also in
Germany. After his forced emigration in 1977 and until his books could again be
published in Romania after the 1989 revolution, all his books appeared in
France and in French. (His novel Gherla had in fact been published in
1976 first in French by Gallimard of Paris before he left Romania.) There
followed such novels as Dans le cercle ("Within the Circle",
1977);Garde inverse ("Reverse Guard", 1979); Le Tremblement
des Hommes ("The Trembling of People", 1979); Chassée-croisé
("Intersection", 1983); Les Chiens de la mort ("The Dogs
of Death", 1981), which details his prison experiences in Piteşti in the
1950s; and Bonifacia (1986). The autobiographicalLe Calidor appeared
in French in 1987 and was subsequently published in Romanian as Din Calidor:
O copilărie basarabeană ("In Calidor: A Bessarabian Childhood",
1989, 1990; translated as My Childhood at the Gate of Unrest) in the
Romanian émigré journal Dialog.
In its totality, Goma's literary work comprises
a "persuasive and grimly fascinating exposure of totalitarian inhumanity
from which, in his own case, even foreign exile was no guarantee of safe haven.
In such later novels as Bonifacia and My Childhood at the Gate of
Unrest, the biographical element dominates as he focuses on his childhood
and adolescence in Bessarabia. Several sets of diaries, all published in
Romania in 1997 and 1998, shed light on Goma's later life and career: Alte
Jurnale ("Other Journals"), which covers his stay in the United
States in autumn 1978 but concentrates primarily on 1994-96; Jurnal I:
Jurnal pe sărite ("Journal I: By Leaps and Bounds", 1997); Jurnal
II: Jurnal de căldură mare ("Journal II: Journal of Great Heat",
1997), covering June and July 1989; Jurnal III: Jurnal de noapte lungă ("Journal
of the Long Night", 1997), covering September to December 1993; and Jurnalul
unui jurnal 1997 ("The Journal of a Journal, 1997").
(German) Die Tür, 1972.
(French) Elles étaient quatre, Éditions
Gallimard, Paris, 1974.
(Romanian) Uşa noastrǎ cea de toate zilele,
Editura Cartea Româneascǎ, Bucharest, 1992.
(French) Gherla, Éditions Gallimard,
Paris, 1976.
(Swedish) Gherla, 1978.
(French) Dossier Paul Goma. L'écrivain face
au socialisme du silence., Paris, 1977
(Romanian) In cerc, 1995.
(French) Garde inverse, Éditions
Gallimard, Paris, 1979.
(French) Le Tremblement des Hommes: peut-on
vivre en Roumanie aujourd'hui?, Éditions du Seuil, Paris, 1979. ISBN
2-02-005101-X.
(Dutch) 1980.
(French) Les chiens de mort, ou, La passion
selon Piteşti, Hachette, Paris, 1981. ISBN
2-01-008309-1
(Romanian) Patimile dupǎ Piteşti, 1990.
(French) Chassé-croise, Hachette, Paris,
1983.
(Romanian) Din calidor, 1989.
(Romanian) Sabina, 1991.
(French) Sabina, 1993.
(French) Astra, 1992.
(Romanian) Astra, Editura Dacia, 1992.
(Romanian) Bonifacia, 1993.
(Romanian) Amnezia la români, Litera,
1995.
(Romanian) Justa Editura Nemira,
Bucharest, 1995.
(Romanian) Jurnal pe sărite, Editura
Nemira, Bucharest, 1997
(Romanian) Jurnal de cǎldura mare, Edutura
Nemira, Bucharest, 1997
(Romanian) Altina - grǎdina scufundata,
Editura Cartier, Chişinau, 1998.
(Romanian) Jurnal de Noapte Lungă,
Dacia, Bucharest, 2000.
(Romanian) Jurnal unui jurnal, Dacia,
Cluj, 2000.
(Romanian) Jurnal de Apocrif, Dacia,
Cluj, 2000.
(Romanian) Săptămîna Roşie. 28
Iunie–3 Iulie 1940 sau Basarabia şi evreii, Museum, Chişinău, 2003. ISBN
978-9975-906-77-7
(Romanian) Alfabecedar, Editura Victor
Frunză, 2005.
"Chevalier dans l'ordre des Arts et des
Lettres" (France), 1986
Writers' Union of Moldova's Prize for Prose, March, 1992.
Writers' Union of Romania's Prize for Prose, May 25, 1992.
5. Nominator
ANCA George
b. 12. 04. 1944
Romanian Writers Union, member
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